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htmlText_C2E0068C_DF62_8DEB_41E8_30E1E8B9A979.html = An entirely new fortress was built in the Middle Ages. Its core and tower date from the oldest construction phase, probably from the late twelfth and early thirteenth centuries.
Inside the wall stood the house of the lord of the fortress, whose basement rests on the south wall. It is a dining room (knight hall) with dimensions 24 x 6 m. Opposite it stood another building. The whole layout defines this place as a feudal castle.
On the slope north and east of the castle, there was a commercial part, also fortified with a mortar wall in phase II. It has a size of 153 x 55 m, and the protruding corners of the western, southwestern and northeastern part were reinforced with towers. The towers have irregular foundations and very weak walls, characteristic of that time. The east wall, facing the saddle and most easily vulnerable, was reinforced with one wall, then another tower and a semicircle. The half-tower shows cross sections of the older and younger walls, with which the fortress was extended to the east (construction phase III). Here is preserved part of the old wall with the original crown (roundabout and parapet), fitted laterally to the forehead of the semicircle. In the northern part there are several major alterations in the form of three parallel walls and two walled gates (phase III). This fortress is one of the best preserved buildings from XIII and XIV century in Macedonia, which can be traced to the development of construction manners from that time.
Arch. site Markovi Kuli
Letevci, municipality of Petrovec
The archaeological site Markovi Kuli is located 1.6 km east of the village Kožle and 1.2 km south of the village Letevci, 3 km before the mouth of Pčinja in Vardar. It is a narrow and protruding rocky hill 70 meters above the river with steep sides in the strait of Pčinja, around which the river turns in a big arc. A small “saddle” on the east side separates it from the higher mountains where today the highway from Skopje to Veles passes.
The site is a medieval fortress built on an older late antique settlement. A border castle was built on this position in late antiquity, which controlled the ancient highway that connected the provinces of Macedonia and Dardania (Upper Mesia).
The town of Kožle is mentioned in Serbian church charters from the time of Stefan Dusan. It was then ruled by “kefalia”, which means that it was a royal (state) fortress. She controlled the Vardar road in the straits between Skopje and Veles Field. Until 1230, when the Serbs conquered the border Byzantine castles of Veles, Crešče, Štip and Prosek, Kožle was a Serbian border guard post and the most advanced point towards Byzantium.
Arch. site Markovi Kuli
Letevci, municipality of Petrovec
The archaeological site Markovi Kuli is located 1.6 km east of the village Kožle and 1.2 km south of the village Letevci, 3 km before the mouth of Pčinja in Vardar. It is a narrow and protruding rocky hill 70 meters above the river with steep sides in the strait of Pčinja, around which the river turns in a big arc. A small “saddle” on the east side separates it from the higher mountains where today the highway from Skopje to Veles passes.
The site is a medieval fortress built on an older late antique settlement. A border castle was built on this position in late antiquity, which controlled the ancient highway that connected the provinces of Macedonia and Dardania (Upper Mesia).
The town of Kožle is mentioned in Serbian church charters from the time of Stefan Dusan. It was then ruled by “kefalia”, which means that it was a royal (state) fortress. She controlled the Vardar road in the straits between Skopje and Veles Field. Until 1230, when the Serbs conquered the border Byzantine castles of Veles, Crešče, Štip and Prosek, Kožle was a Serbian border guard post and the most advanced point towards Byzantium.