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## Popup
### Body
htmlText_262A0105_3585_DC82_419A_1B7B4CC25616.html = In the western part of the fortification, a building with a rectangular shape was discovered, divided into two rectangular rooms. The building is made of processed stone in combination with lime mortar. To this day, its purpose as a building has not been determined. According to the method of construction and the same height level with the small church, this building can be dated to it at the same time. Their immediate proximity, and at the same time the temporal determination, gives the possibility to assume that it is probably a side building of the small church.
The premises discovered so far indicate that they belong to the economic part of the city, where there are rich warehouses with stocks of grain food and materials needed for the defense of the city during the increasing attacks. These rooms are located in the eastern sector of the fortification and are built of processed stone in combination with lime mortar in the construction technique of opus incertum.
In the southeastern part of the fort, part of the wall was discovered, as well as part of the semicircular southern tower on which two construction phases were detected in the semicircular part of the tower. The walls of the tower are 1.5 meters wide, it is built of partially processed stone tied with lime mortar.
The tower is connected to the wall in a north-south direction, which was 1.50 meters wide.
Profane buildings are located in the southwest and east of the settlement. They are built with processed stone in combination with lime mortar, in construction technique opus incertum. The height of the preserved walls often reached up to 3.50 m.
Archaeological excavations have provided evidence of the long history of this site as a settlement, which, although not in absolute continuity, was a place where people formed larger or smaller settlements.
The earliest wall was built in early antiquity, and was built of stone and embankment with a width of 1 meter is partially preserved in the southwestern part of the fortification.
The walls from the ancient period, which were built from the IV century to the middle of the VI century, are more massive with a width of 1.5 to 2.5 meters, and in some places are preserved at a height of 5 meters.
Towers of different shapes, semicircular, square and polygonal are built along the ramparts. The Fortress was approached from three entrances located on the east, north and west sides.
The early Christian basilica is located in the southeastern part of the fortification. The basilica is basically three-nave, and due to the uneven configuration of the terrain, the building slopes slightly to the southwest. What is specific about this basilica is that it has been ascertained that there is an entrance to the apse with a width of 1 meter, which is a rare occurrence for the basilicas.
The basilica has been largely destroyed, and archeological excavations of the basilica have not found traces of colonnades of pillars or masonry pillars, nor parts of stone plastic. Probably after the cessation of the functioning of the basilica, a large part of its wall and stone structure was built and used, t. e., built into buildings of a later period of time.
The eastern wall of the fortification is reinforced with a horseshoe-shaped tower measuring 7.50 m. on the east and 4.45 m. on the west side, and the wall is 1.15-1.50 m wide. The foundation of the tower is placed on the natural rock, which descends steeply to the east. The tower was built in the construction technique of opus incertum, and in some parts are visible restorations on its surface in the period of late antiquity. It is reinforced with three retrofits, which are built simultaneously with the tower.
The small church is located in the central part of the fortification, founded on crumbling stone (sandstone) with east-west orientation. The church is basically single-nave with a small semicircular apse, built in the technique of opus mixtum. The apse part is separated from the altar partition nave, from which the parapets of the parapet slabs were discovered. It dates from the end of the XI, the beginning of the XII century.
The water cistern was built in the late 5th and early 4th centuries and was in use until late antiquity. It was 6.5 meters deep and had a staircase on the east side.
Viničko Kale
municipality of Vinica
The archeological site Kale is located southwest of Vinica on a high hill by the Gradeška river. The site, which covers an area of about 2.5 hectares, is surrounded by a solid wall that follows the natural configuration of the terrain.
The Vinica Fortress was inhabited in the Young Stone Age, the Eneolithic, the Iron Age, and the oldest remains of the preserved buildings of the Vinica Fortress are from the early antique period. The settlement experienced its greatest development during the Roman period, and life in the settlement continued in the Middle Ages.
Terracotta icons were found on the Vinica Fortress in 1985, which are the most characteristic and unique findings for the Macedonian archeology. The icons are made of molded baked clay with dimensions of approximately 30 x 30 centimeters. Scenes from the Old and New Testaments are represented on the relief icons.
Viničko Kale
municipality of Vinica
The archeological site Kale is located southwest of Vinica on a high hill by the Gradeška river. The site, which covers an area of about 2.5 hectares, is surrounded by a solid wall that follows the natural configuration of the terrain.
The Vinica Fortress was inhabited in the Young Stone Age, the Eneolithic, the Iron Age, and the oldest remains of the preserved buildings of the Vinica Fortress are from the early antique period. The settlement experienced its greatest development during the Roman period, and life in the settlement continued in the Middle Ages.
Terracotta icons were found on the Vinica Fortress in 1985, which are the most characteristic and unique findings for the Macedonian archeology. The icons are made of molded baked clay with dimensions of approximately 30 x 30 centimeters. Scenes from the Old and New Testaments are represented on the relief icons.